Test

 𝘛𝘰 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 50% 𝘭𝘪𝘮𝘪𝘵, 𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘢 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘪𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘣𝘢𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘦 𝘳𝘶𝘭𝘦." -𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘁 𝗕𝘆 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝘃𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 72% 𝗾𝘂𝗼𝘁𝗮, 𝗕𝗝𝗣 𝗴𝗼𝘃𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗱𝗲𝗳𝘆𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗷𝘂𝗱𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁. 𝗜𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗯𝗲 𝗮 𝘀𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝘀𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗲. FYI, A Five judge Constitution Bench of Honorable Supreme Court, in it's judgement (Jaishri Patil case), had said: Para 164 "𝗧𝗼 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 50% 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗵𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗮 𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗲𝘁𝘆 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗼𝗻 𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗯𝘂𝘁 𝗯𝗮𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲 𝗿𝘂𝗹𝗲. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗰𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗶𝘀 𝗮𝗻 𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗲𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗯𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗰 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲. 𝗜𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗴𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘃𝗲 50% 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝗮 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲, 𝗶𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗯𝗲 𝘀𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘆 ...

 1] 1931 में सब की जातिगत जनगणना हो ही गई थी अभी भी आंकड़े लगभग वही होंगे। मंडल कमीशन के समय भी जातिगत गिनती नहीं कराई गई थी, 1931 का जातिगत आंकड़ा लिया गया था। सिर्फ सरकारी कर्मचारियों की जातिगत गिनती कराई गई थी, तो अभी भी बिना जातिगत गिनती के सरकारी कर्मचारियों की जातिगत संख्या बताई जा सकती है। यह उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार के अधिकार में है। ​[2] 'आइने अकबरी' जो खुद अबुल फज़ल ने लिखा था, उसमें उन्होंने किस जाति के कितने जमींदार हैं, इसका जातिगत ब्योरा दिया था। उसमें 80 जमींदार जाट, 22 कुर्मी और 22 अहीर थे, यानी यह लोग कभी शोषित-पीड़ित नहीं रहे हैं। इसके अलावा पप्पू यादव ने खुद अभी बताया था कि वह लोग सदियों से जमींदार हैं। मंडल कमीशन बनाने वाले बी. पी. मंडल खुद 60,000 एकड़ के बड़े जमींदार थे और मित्र सेन यादव उस जमाने में 20 लाख के जमींदार थे, यानी अहीर सदैव राज किए हैं, इसलिए यह सामाजिक रूप से कभी पिछड़े नहीं रहे। ​[3] अन्य समकालीन स्रोतों से जो अहीर, कुर्मी और जाट की जमींदारी है, वह प्रस्तुत की जा रही है। ​[4] केंद्र सरकार ने जाटों के आरक्षण के लिए एक कमेटी बनाई थी, जिसने उत्तर प्रद...

 Jarnail sing case vs laksminarayan gupta 2018 20. The learned Attorney General also requested us to lay down that the proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to the population of India should be taken to be the test for determining whether they are adequately represented in promotional posts for the purpose of Article 16(4-A). He complained that Nagaraj (supra) ought to have stated this, but has said nothing on this aspect. According to us, Nagaraj (supra) has wisely left the test for determining adequacy of representation in promotional posts to the States for the simple reason that as the post gets higher, it may be necessary, even if a proportionality test to the population as a whole is taken into account, to reduce the number of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in promotional posts, as one goes upwards. This is for the simple reason that efficiency of administration has to be looked at every time promotions are made. As has been pointed out by B.P. Jeevan Red...

  upreme Court of India Jarnail Singh vs Lachhmi Narain Gupta . on 26 September, 2018 Equivalent citations: AIR 2018 SUPREME COURT 4729, 2018 (10) SCC 396, 2018 LAB IC 4509, AIR 2019 SC (CIV) 274, (2018) 7 MAD LJ 573, (2018) 4 SCT 445, (2019) 2 SERVLR 130, (2018) 11 SCALE 530, (2018) 5 KANT LJ 689, (2018) 4 PAT LJR 108, (2018) 3 SERVLJ 13, (2019) 1 ALL WC 605, (2018) 4 JLJR 93, AIRONLINE 2018 SC 240 Author: R.F. Nariman Bench: Indu Malhotra , Sanjay Kishan Kaul , R.F. Nariman , Kurian Joseph , Dipak Misra 20. The learned Attorney General also requested us to lay down that the proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to the population of India should be taken to be the test for determining whether they are adequately represented in promotional posts for the purpose of Article 16(4-A). He complained that Nagaraj (supra) ought to have stated this, but has said nothing on this aspect. According to us, Nagaraj (supra) has wisely left the test for determining adequacy of repre...

 Poverty is also social backwardness    In hint section The  backwardness  under  Art. 15 (4)  must  be  social  and educational.  It is not either social or educational, but it is both social and educational.  Though caste in relation to Hindus  may be a relevant factor to consider in  determining the social backwardness of groups or classes of citizens, it cannot be made the sole or dominant test.  There are certain sections  of  Indian  society  such  as  Christians,  Jains, Muslims,  etc., who do not believe in caste system, and  the test  of  caste does not apply to  them.   Moreover,  social backwardness  is  in  the Ultimate analysis  the  result  of poverty to a very large extent. 442 The   classes   of   citizens  who   are   deplorably  ...

  Indra Sawhney Etc. Etc vs Union Of India And Others, Etc. ... on 16 November, 1992     ORDER   1. Judgment of The Chief Justice, M.N. Venkatachallah, A.M. Ahmadi and B.P. Jeevan Reddy, JJ. Delivered by B.P. Jeevan Reddy, J.   B.P. Jeevan Reddy, J       para 2. reservation was given   due   to   oppresion   of   shudra   centuries after   centuries by higher   caste   in   view   of   supreme court judjes       207entire caste and every member of the caste must be backward to call it as backward class so creamy layer was applied by court 225about entire population of muslim was kept in obc 236/ 240 /241 blame on upper caste by court 226   neo baudhist 229 blaming hindu religion for caste system on muslim christians by court on the basis of mandal report 286 , 287 llustrating wrong example of a horse race infact obc sc who are st...